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South Korea
AI Governance in South Korea
South Korea's AI Basic Act (December 2024) is one of the first comprehensive national AI laws globally. Combined with PIPA data protection and sector-specific financial and technology regulation, Korea has a rapidly maturing AI governance landscape.
Key Regulators
PIPC—Personal Information Protection Commission — PIPA enforcement and AI data guidance
FSC/FSS—Financial Services Commission/Supervisory Service — financial AI governance
KISA—Korea Internet & Security Agency — cybersecurity and AI security
MSIT—Ministry of Science and ICT — AI Basic Act implementation
Key frameworks
AI Basic Act (2024)
Risk-based AI framework designating high-impact AI with specific obligations — transparency, human oversight, impact assessments.
PIPA (Personal Information Protection Act)
Automated decision-making rights, data subject protections, enforcement by PIPC.
FSC/FSS AI Guidance
Model risk management, explainability, and fairness expectations for financial AI.